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Significant Difference? In an experiment, the decay time of a subatomic particle (the time the particle takes to break down into other particles) was measured repeatedly, producing the following values: 0.45 μs, 0.37 μs, 0.67 μs, 0.84 μs, 0.38 μs, 0.55 μs, and 0.48 μs. A different experiment measured decay times of 0.68 μs, 0.48 μs, 0.88 μs, 0.87 μs, and 0.46 μs. Can we conclude that the decay times in the two experiments are statistically different? Note: In this chapter we will use a criterion of ± 1 standard deviation unless otherwise stated.
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Significant Digits How many significant digits are in each of the following? (a) 5.46 m (b) 0.024 575 m (c) 320 m (d) 24.260 m (e) 204 m
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Express the answer to the following calculation with the correct number of significant digits: (32.55×0.021)/465
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Significant digits in Addition and Subtraction You measure the total length of two objects together as 2.45 m. You know that one of the objects has a length of 2.248 m. What is the length of the other object?
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You run a trail and want to correctly report your distance and speed. Several friends have each measured the length of a portion of the trail (you need to add the three to get the total distance). Jill measures the first segment, and tells you it is 236 m. James measures the second segment, reporting a result of 75.5 m. Mingkai measures the last segment and reports that it is 234.2 m long. You run the trail in a total time of two minutes and twenty five seconds, with an assumed precision of one second. What are the total distance, and your average speed in metres per second, both expressed to the correct number of significant digits?
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Scientific Notation The approximate distance from Earth to the Sun is 150 000 000 000 m. Express this distance in scientific notation. What is 0.0230 in scientific notation? Write the number 2.45 ×10-3 in standard notation.
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Magnetic Units As you will see in Chapter 24, the tesla (T) is a unit of magnetic field strength, while another unit, the weber (Wb), is the unit of magnetic flux. Using data from Table 1-3, suggest how these two units must be related.
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Units of Dynamic Viscosity An important parameter in fluid mechanics that comes into everything from automobile design to blood flow is the dimensionless Reynold’s number, Re. It is defined by the following relationship, where p is the density of the fluid (mass per unit volume), v is the speed of the object in the fluid, L is the characteristic dimension of the object moving in the fluid, and μ is the dynamic viscosity: Re= pvL/μ Use the information provided to determine the SI units for dynamic viscosity.
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Basic Physics
