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Distinguishing Speed and Velocity A meteorological observation plane flies 1240 km straight southeast in 1.70 h from Stockholm, Sweden, to Moscow, Russia. The plane then flies to Oslo, Norway, 425 km to the northwest of Stockholm. The trip to Oslo takes 2.10 h. The three cities lie along a straight line, as shown in Figure 3-8. (a) Find the average velocity of the plane in km/h and in knots. (b) Find the average speed of the plane for the entire trip in km/h and in knots (1 knot = 1.852 km/h). Figure 3-8 Flight path of the plane in Example 3-2.
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Polymer Physics
Rocket Car Motion in Graphs A rocket car moves with a constant speed of 32 m/s for the first 6.0 s of its motion. Following that, the rocket car accelerates forward with a constant acceleration of 18 m/s2 for 5.0 s. The driver then applies reverse thrusters to produce an acceleration of -24 m/s2 for the following 9.0 s. Use the positive x-direction to represent the initial direction of the rocket car’s motion. (a) Plot the acceleration versus time graph for the rocket car. (b) Plot the velocity versus time graph for the rocket car. (c) Find the total displacement of the rocket car from start to finish.
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Polymer Physics
Rocket Sled Figure 3-26 shows the acceleration versus time graph for a rocket sled equipped with thrusters on both ends. The sled is slowing down and starts at t = 0 with a speed of 250.0 m/s moving to the right. If we define our coordinate system so that the positive x-direction coincides with the direction of the initial motion of the sled (to the right), the initial velocity is positive and the acceleration is negative because it is slowing down. Also, we define the origin of our coordinate system as an observation tower that is 700.0 m to the right of the initial position of the sled. Therefore, the initial position of the sled is x0 = -700 m. Plot the velocity versus time graph until the sled comes to a stop for the first time. For what value of time will the rocket momentarily come to a stop (v_x(t1) = 0)? Plot the position versus time graph for the rocket sled as measured from the observation tower (recall that at t0 = 0 the sled was 700.0 m to the left of the tower).You
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Polymer Physics
Relative Velocities You are driving east on the Trans-Siberia highway at 100 km/h. Take east to be the positive x-direction. (a) Express the velocity of a tree on the side of the highway with respect to you, using double-subscript notation. (b) Find the speed of a tree on the side of the highway with respect to you. (c) Find your velocity with respect to the tree. (d) Find the velocity, with respect to you, of a bus driving west at 115 km/h. (e) Find the velocity of your car with respect to the bus.
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Polymer Physics
Relative position At the annual auto show in Frankfurt, Germany, an Audi is 7.0 m to the left of a post and a Maserati is 12 m to the left of the same post. (a) Find the position of the Audi relative to the Maserati and the position of the Maserati relative to the Audi. Consider the positive x-direction to be to the right. (b) How would your answer to (a) change if the positive x-direction were to the left? (c) How would your answer to (a) change if you changed the position of the origin of your reference frame?
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Polymer Physics
Relative Acceleration You are driving a pickup truck when the driver of a motorcycle in front of you suddenly brakes to slow down for a bump on the road. Being a smaller vehicle with good brakes, the motorcycle can slow down at an acceleration of 19 m/s2. Your heavy pickup truck slows at a rate of 12 m/s2. (a) What is the acceleration of the motorcycle with respect to the pickup truck? (b) What is the acceleration of the pickup truck with respect to the motorcycle? Relative Acceleration You are driving a pickup truck when the driver of a motorcycle in front of you suddenly brakes to slow down for a bump on the road. Being a smaller vehicle with good brakes, the motorcycle can slow down at an acceleration of 19 m/s2. Your heavy pickup truck slows at a rate of 12 m/s2. (a) What is the acceleration of the motorcycle with respect to the pickup truck? (b) What is the acceleration of the pickup truck with respect to the motorcycle? Relative Acceleration You are driving a pickup t
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Polymer Physics
Relative position, Velocity, and Acceleration At the same time, you throw a red ball straight up with a speed of 21.0 m/s and a blue ball straight down with a speed of 17.0 m/s. Find the acceleration, velocity, and position of the blue ball with respect to the red ball 3.00 s later. Assume that air resistance is negligible.
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Polymer Physics
Deriving Velocity from a Position versus Time Plot Figure 3-11 shows a position versus time plot for a car. Represent this graph algebraically and then use it to derive the velocity versus time and speed versus time graphs for the interval shown. Assume all the information is known to two significant figures. Figure 3-11 Position versus time plot for a car moving at a constant velocity.
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Polymer Physics
